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YUGOSLAVIA
THE DEATH OF A NATION
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Episode 6:
AMERICAN PEACE�
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June 25, 1995
The fourth year of war in Bosnia
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Another village in Bosnia was destroyed.
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The Muslims of Srebreni took their revenge
on the Serbs, as reprisals.
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The Muslims were killing someone
And then they ran away.
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this time,
they destroyed the whole village.
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Slobodan Milosevic
the president of Serbia
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The situation had become so serious,
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That things had escaped
totally out of control.
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The Serbs have decided
to attack Srebreni�a.
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Thus, they forced the Americans
to establish peace in Bosnia.
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But only half of it
those there were refugees.
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Srebreni had become a refuge for
the Muslims who were fleeing from the Serbs.
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They had been besieged for three years.
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The people here had suffered enough.
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Naser Orici, the commander
to the Muslim troops in Srebreni�a
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They wanted to be free.
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They wanted to return
to a normal life.
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Commander Orici and his men
they were also informed by the General Staff...
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General Hajrulatovici,
Chief of Information, Bosnian Army:
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We found out that the Serbs
is going to attack Srebrenica.
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They asked us what to do,
how to prepare.
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They were ordered to leave.
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Once you leave Srebrenica,
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the Bosnian commanders were forbidden
to return again.
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That Muslim enclave was gone
none important for the army of Bosnia.
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Our government had done
no political compromises,
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a ceasefire was declared,
everything to save Srebrenica.
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Srebreni�a was condemned.
The government of Bosnia had already achieved...
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that no one from the West,
not even their biggest supporter,
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he won't lift a finger
to save her.
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in June,
the fate of Srebrenica was grim.
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Alexander Vershbow
Assistant to President Clinton
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Even since then we were thinking...
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let's exchange it
for other territories
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located in the center of Bosnia.
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I thought he was the best
well let's do that...
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At the beginning of July, the Serbs attacked.
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Left without commanders,
Srebreni could not resist
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the assault of the Serbian army.
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Dr. Ilijaz Pilav
Local councilor at Srebreni�a town hall
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Our last message was...
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"It's all over. Srebreni has fallen,
We're trying to escape."
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To get rid of Serbs, thousands of
Muslims fled into the forest.
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We were trying to hide too
I ran into a minefield.
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I was going to India.
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I was following the tracks
the one before me.
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Only to avoid stepping on it
for a minute.
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What they had proposed was
to walk 60 kilometers,
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passing through a forest
patrolled by Serbs.
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try to imagine...
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15,000 people were needed
to go to India.
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The Muslims who could not
to follow that path they ran to the UN.
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July 12, 1995
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25,000 Muslims were crowding
at the UN base in Srebreni�a.
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The few UN soldiers there
they were overwhelmed by the army
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led by the Bosnian Serbs
by General Mladici.
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- How old are you?
- 12.
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General Mladici
The commander of the Bosnian Serb army
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Everyone be patient!
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Whoever wants, can stay here.
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And who wants to leave
can leave
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The leader of the Bosnian Serbs
he pretended quite well on TV.
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Our army is a disciplined one.
All civilians, together with the UN military,
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I am completely safe.
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The Serbs sent buses
for transporting civilians,
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but once he got there,
Only women and children climbed into them.
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The men from Srebrenica disappeared.
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that night
something terrible happened.
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They woke people from their sleep.
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They took them out of the house.
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And it was quiet...
then the dogs howled...
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Some shots were heard.
That was the whole night.
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There was no escape.
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On this field near Srebreni�a
about 2,000 people were buried.
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The executions continued
several days.
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Zulfo Salihovic
resident of Srebreni�a
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I came across a village about
200 corpses.
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They had been shot.
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We tried to identify them,
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but the smell was unbearable.
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The Muslims who fled into the forest
they were easy targets for the Serbs.
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Srebreni�a was hell,
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but what we went through
on that trip...
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it was the bottom of hell.
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Soldiers from the Bosnian Serb army
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Get out, drink, out!
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We were surrounded.
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They started bombing us.
They were shooting at us with the tanks.
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Then the people started
to surrender.
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�Is he afraid�?
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And how can I not be afraid?
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People could be heard yelling.
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Some of them were desperate.
They started to move between them.
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Then many committed suicide.
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I saw three good friends of mine
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how they got dressed
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then one of them detonated a grenade.
All three died.
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two years earlier,
a French UN general
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he had made them a promise
those from Srebreni�a.
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General Morillon
March 1993
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You are now under the protection of the UN.
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The new president of France
has now appealed to the UN,
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to save the prestige of the general.
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July 14, 1995
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Our traditional allies
they were worried about compliance
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international laws and
human rights.
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We had to do it
a "together" effort
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And let's restore control
in the Srebreni enclave.
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Malcolm Rifkind
Foreign Minister of Great Britain
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No one believed that the French
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or other UN forces in Bosnia had
the military or combat technique...
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suitable to carry out
what was needed
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respectively involvement in a war.
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The opinion of the British was a bit dull
the alliance that had brought the UN to Bosnia.
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President Chirac searched
support elsewhere.
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President Chirac
requested very insistently,
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as I recall,
as instead of a military intervention,
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which was not indicated,
an alternative that he proposed.
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Clinton told Chirac that he was
prepared to use force,
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but with the condition that the political situation
from Bosnia to become balanced.
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The president's advisers made a plan,
which involved population relocation,
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an option he had condemned before,
categorizing it as "ethnic cleansing".
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The Muslim enclaves located in
the vicinity of the border with Serbia
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were left to the Serbs, but on the opposite side,
a Serbian region was ceded to the Muslims.
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So that no border is drawn
too twisted
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and too difficult to apply,
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considering the negotiations held and
how were the populations ethnically arranged,
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we all advised each other how to compose
a territory as simple as possible.
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President Clinton's ace up his sleeve
it was Bosnia's former ally: Croatia.
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A quarter of Croatia had been occupied
territory by Serbian rebels.
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In the last four years, the president of Croatia
he had made many plans to recapture it.
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We wanted to show them our strength.
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The time has come for the Serbs to see who
we are and accept our conditions.
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Croatia was proving to America that it could
the fight against the Serbian rebel army.
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All he needed was a plan.
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No one believed that an attack
military will lead to something else
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to produce a humanitarian crisis.
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On the other hand,
could simplify the whole situation.
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I found out only a few days before
that the plan was going to be implemented.
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August 1, 1995
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He was summoned by President Tudjman
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to send him a depe��.
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"We are worried about the fact that
prepare a military offensive"
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"in the southern and northern areas."
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Their spy service
he didn't let them down.
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Peter Galbraith
the United States ambassador to Croatia
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I conveyed it very clearly
President Tudjman
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that we were not in favor
an offensive.
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After receiving this from the...
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I thought better of it...
but I didn't change my mind.
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I knew we would win.
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Tudjman had not understood the message.
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Three days later, he ordered the bombing
the capital of the Bosnian Serbs, Knin.
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The Croats were superior to the Serbs,
both in number and in equipment.
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It was a quick win.
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The Serbian soldiers had evacuated the town.
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Again, an old community
it was evicted for centuries.
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But this time it was about
one hundred thousand Serbs from Croatia.
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They had supported a regime that
promote ethnic cleansing.
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And now they were paying for it.
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Only a third of the Serbs
they were from the paramilitary troops...
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but the others were made to believe
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that we are fascists.
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That's why they all left.
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To be sure that the Serbs
never come back
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Tudjman's soldiers
they set fire to their houses.
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They killed hundreds of old people
who couldn't leave...
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Who will help me?
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I thought that 70% of
serbs will stay here
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to see that they are in Croatia
all rights reserved.
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The Serbs could only blame themselves.
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President Tudjman had succeeded in creating
an ethnically pure Croatia.
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Raising this flag,
we accomplished our mission
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to found a Croatia
free and independent.
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Bosnian Muslims have
Met with their allies, the Croats.
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After four years of defeats,
the president of Bosnia
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he was celebrating his first victory.
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It was even my birthday.
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General Dudakovici met me.
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This victory made him famous.
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Welcome to Greater Bosnia!
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and how big is it?
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Because of the general, it is bigger!
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I sent him:
"Bosnia is grateful"
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for conquering one
such a large territory."
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Dear soldiers, present the honor!
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People were celebrating in the streets
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And freedom filled the whole sky.
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The celebration did not last long.
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The market in Sarajevo.
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37 people were killed.
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Ballistics experts have established
like the trajectory of the bombs
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led to the area of the Bosnian Serbs.
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This reason was enough for the Americans.
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Richard Holbrooke, assistant to
the United States Secretary of State
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Finally I got a wave
green for a real military attack,
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not for any manifestation of anything.
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We were starting a real campaign
bombing,
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not one or two bombs there,
for a few days
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but for as long as it was needed.
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The area of Sarajevo occupied by the Serbs
August 30, 1995
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Haris Silagici
Prime Minister of Bosnia
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I admit, I liked it.
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00:17:30,818 --> 00:17:34,053
Because those who have
killed unarmed people,
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00:17:34,153 --> 00:17:38,381
those who intended maternity,
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00:17:38,481 --> 00:17:43,092
those who targeted children who were playing,
could now
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In the end, let them feel how it is
to be targeted.
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And they deserved it.
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The bombing affected the
the Bosnian Serbs on many levels.
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00:17:57,691 --> 00:18:01,781
The next morning, their leaders have
been summoned to a secret meeting
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00:18:01,881 --> 00:18:03,982
which was held in the capital of Serbia.
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00:18:04,082 --> 00:18:08,844
I knew we would be bombed
if I was doing something bad or not.
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00:18:08,944 --> 00:18:11,997
The meeting has been set
by their bosses,
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00:18:12,097 --> 00:18:15,953
the presidents of Serbia
and Montenegro.
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00:18:19,069 --> 00:18:20,282
Momir Bulatovici,
the president of Montenegro:
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00:18:20,382 --> 00:18:21,595
The Bosnian Serbs were afraid...
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00:18:21,695 --> 00:18:24,879
And they understood that they had no escape.
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00:18:24,979 --> 00:18:28,803
Republic of Bosnian Serbs
could be abolished.
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00:18:28,903 --> 00:18:29,903
Belgrade, 1991
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00:18:30,003 --> 00:18:35,182
The president of Serbia had provoked the leader
Bosnian Serbs to start the war.
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00:18:35,282 --> 00:18:36,765
But in the last two years,
He had blocked his attempts
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to make peace that will last
to the recognition of the conquered territories.
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He wanted to make him accept his orders.
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00:18:41,661 --> 00:18:45,860
I knew that Serbia would not let us
help forever
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00:18:45,960 --> 00:18:50,189
but we had to fight until the end.
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00:18:50,289 --> 00:18:52,975
Slobodan Milosevic
The President of Serbia
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00:18:53,075 --> 00:18:56,701
We had to stop the war immediately.
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00:18:56,801 --> 00:18:59,018
But how do I stop it?
That didn't matter anymore.
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00:18:59,118 --> 00:19:02,513
We can talk about
this ad infinitum.
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00:19:03,980 --> 00:19:07,624
Milo�evici would have wanted the Serbs
Bosnians to sign an agreement
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00:19:07,724 --> 00:19:11,495
through which he obtained everything
the rights to negotiate peace.
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00:19:11,595 --> 00:19:12,595
Momir Bulatovici
The President of Montenegro
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00:19:12,695 --> 00:19:16,904
We were ready to impose a blockade on them
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00:19:17,004 --> 00:19:21,361
through which not to pass again
those from humanitarian organizations.
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00:19:21,461 --> 00:19:24,931
I no longer supported them at all
the leaders of the Bosnian Serbs.
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00:19:25,031 --> 00:19:26,031
Momcilo Kraisnik
One of the leaders of the Bosnian Serbs
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00:19:26,131 --> 00:19:29,808
We, like those from Serbia,
we had to support
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00:19:29,908 --> 00:19:31,232
the interests of the Serbs
who lived in Bosnia.
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00:19:31,332 --> 00:19:33,807
It was very hard for
them to accept our terms.
242
00:19:33,907 --> 00:19:38,746
For them, it was pure suicide
from a political point of view.
243
00:19:40,233 --> 00:19:44,715
But there was a man who could
to convince Karagici.
244
00:19:45,975 --> 00:19:48,924
The patriarch was called
Orthodox Church,
245
00:19:49,024 --> 00:19:52,291
he being considered the "conscience" of the nation.
246
00:19:52,391 --> 00:19:57,292
Only he could convince them
to accept the conditions.
247
00:19:57,392 --> 00:20:01,028
Of course, there were also some dissensions,
248
00:20:01,128 --> 00:20:03,128
His Holiness Paul
Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church
249
00:20:03,228 --> 00:20:08,583
but everyone misunderstood
that our goal was the same.
250
00:20:09,194 --> 00:20:10,282
August 31, 1995
251
00:20:10,382 --> 00:20:13,413
The Bosnian Serb leaders capitulated.
252
00:20:13,513 --> 00:20:15,109
Richard Holbrook, head of the team of
United States peace negotiators
253
00:20:15,209 --> 00:20:17,409
The news was sent yesterday
by President Milo�evici
254
00:20:17,509 --> 00:20:20,177
regarding the negotiation of peace in the name
Bosnian Serbs,
255
00:20:20,277 --> 00:20:23,736
we consider it to be a crowning
full of successful negotiations.
256
00:20:23,836 --> 00:20:29,137
In fact, I knew I had entered
during negotiations,
257
00:20:29,237 --> 00:20:30,987
for the first time.
258
00:20:33,029 --> 00:20:36,036
while flying American
attack the positions of the Bosnian Serbs,
259
00:20:36,136 --> 00:20:40,225
the deputy secretary of state
of the United States did
260
00:20:40,325 --> 00:20:41,563
feel the presence.
261
00:20:41,663 --> 00:20:45,679
President Clinton sent us
to negotiate peace,
262
00:20:45,779 --> 00:20:47,779
here, during the war.
263
00:20:53,339 --> 00:20:57,097
Holbrook's goal was
to make them understand each other
264
00:20:57,197 --> 00:21:00,221
at the peace conference.
265
00:21:01,397 --> 00:21:05,736
The Serbs were receiving recognition
of their miniature state in Bosnia,
266
00:21:05,836 --> 00:21:08,014
Republika Srpska.
267
00:21:09,308 --> 00:21:12,006
It was a Bosnia composed of two parts.
268
00:21:12,106 --> 00:21:14,567
They all agreed
with the two parts.
269
00:21:14,667 --> 00:21:17,099
Sarajevo was decided as one of the cities
270
00:21:17,199 --> 00:21:19,045
to be called Republika Srpska.
271
00:21:19,145 --> 00:21:22,231
For this, he promised them
Bosnian Muslims
272
00:21:22,331 --> 00:21:26,639
that the American forces
they will keep the peace.
273
00:21:32,806 --> 00:21:37,444
American diplomatic efforts were
devastated by the American bombings.
274
00:21:49,310 --> 00:21:54,049
NATO planes destroyed them
communication network to the Bosnian Serbs.
275
00:21:54,969 --> 00:21:57,642
Even the phones didn't work anymore.
276
00:21:57,742 --> 00:22:00,609
President Milo�evici
I had to do something.
277
00:22:00,709 --> 00:22:03,316
He met with Holbrook in Belgrade.
278
00:22:03,416 --> 00:22:07,205
Milo�evici told us:
"You must stop the bombing."
279
00:22:07,305 --> 00:22:12,369
try to find out how "loud"
is Holbrook, when he asks:
280
00:22:12,469 --> 00:22:18,093
"If you represent your country,
Mr. Holbrook, then you couldn't"
281
00:22:18,193 --> 00:22:19,976
"stop the bombing?"
282
00:22:20,076 --> 00:22:24,317
Holbrook requested that they, first,
to stop the siege of the city of Sarajevo.
283
00:22:25,024 --> 00:22:26,736
The airport must be opened.
284
00:22:26,836 --> 00:22:30,163
Milo�evici told him to address himself
to the one who was in charge there.
285
00:22:32,414 --> 00:22:36,292
President Milo�evici and me
I told the Americans
286
00:22:36,392 --> 00:22:40,319
to talk directly with Karagici and Mladici.
287
00:22:40,419 --> 00:22:42,713
Holbrook then asked them:
"And where do I find them?"
288
00:22:42,813 --> 00:22:45,936
They answered: "in a nearby villa,
they live somewhere 200 meters from us."
289
00:22:47,153 --> 00:22:50,491
Milo�evici offered to take him
on Holbrook to them,
290
00:22:50,591 --> 00:22:54,679
but the Americans refused
to meet with Karagici and Mladici,
291
00:22:54,779 --> 00:22:57,471
because they were considered
war criminals.
292
00:22:57,571 --> 00:22:58,998
James Pardew
US Department of Defense
293
00:22:59,098 --> 00:23:03,154
It was one of the few moments
of the negotiations when Holbrook was fired.
294
00:23:05,715 --> 00:23:09,454
President Milo�evici gave us
any suggestions
295
00:23:09,554 --> 00:23:12,762
And we will withdraw
to discuss them.
296
00:23:13,498 --> 00:23:19,162
The Americans changed their mind and wanted it
to meet with the Bosnian Serbs.
297
00:23:20,752 --> 00:23:27,752
Then I told President Milo�evici:
"I agree, but with the following conditions:
298
00:23:27,870 --> 00:23:31,922
without demagoguery and without lies."
299
00:23:32,022 --> 00:23:36,121
When the Bosnian Serbs arrived,
the Americans asked them to withdraw
300
00:23:36,221 --> 00:23:38,761
heavy artillery from the hills
from outside the city of Sarajevo.
301
00:23:40,332 --> 00:23:43,091
We could not accept that ultimatum.
302
00:23:43,191 --> 00:23:45,662
We risk losing the city of Sarajevo.
303
00:23:45,762 --> 00:23:50,761
150,000 Serbs from the city
they would have been butchers
304
00:23:50,861 --> 00:23:54,351
of the bloody Muslim army.
305
00:23:54,451 --> 00:23:55,809
General Mladici
The commander of the Bosnian Serb army
306
00:23:55,909 --> 00:23:57,666
That was impossible!
There we were at war.
307
00:23:57,766 --> 00:24:01,039
The artillery was there to defend them
our people.
308
00:24:01,139 --> 00:24:05,807
Mladici was getting more and more nervous
And finally he roared into her
309
00:24:05,907 --> 00:24:08,946
talk about the people
Serb and the nation of Serbs.
310
00:24:09,046 --> 00:24:13,812
The Serbian people are not
forced to do this
311
00:24:13,912 --> 00:24:18,871
to be forced by a country that
claims to be "number one"
312
00:24:18,971 --> 00:24:23,378
and that draw borders
on the map as he likes.
313
00:24:23,478 --> 00:24:26,377
But this time, it won't work
314
00:24:26,477 --> 00:24:29,791
with the small nation of Serbs.
315
00:24:29,891 --> 00:24:32,981
Now it was Holbrook's turn
to test Milo�evici.
316
00:24:33,081 --> 00:24:37,391
I said: "Mr. President, you told him
that we will have a serious discussion."
317
00:24:37,491 --> 00:24:40,623
"If it's not serious,
then we will leave."
318
00:24:40,723 --> 00:24:42,721
They all went out.
319
00:24:42,821 --> 00:24:46,476
Milo�evici reminded Mladici
that if they did not return,
320
00:24:46,576 --> 00:24:48,542
NATO will destroy its entire army.
321
00:24:48,642 --> 00:24:52,941
We respect General Ratko Mladici,
both as a soldier and as a man,
322
00:24:53,041 --> 00:24:58,270
but after three years of war
He had lost his sense of reason.
323
00:24:59,322 --> 00:25:02,013
The Americans were called back.
324
00:25:05,264 --> 00:25:08,751
When we were guaranteed that the Muslims
325
00:25:08,851 --> 00:25:12,258
and they will also withdraw the artillery,
326
00:25:12,358 --> 00:25:15,468
we were able to agree.
327
00:25:17,729 --> 00:25:22,653
The Serbs withdrew their artillery
they had destroyed the capital of Bosnia.
328
00:25:22,753 --> 00:25:26,432
The Americans canceled
air strikes.
329
00:25:32,449 --> 00:25:35,752
All that was left for them to do
Americans to get peace
330
00:25:35,852 --> 00:25:38,188
it was a cease fire
throughout Bosnia.
331
00:25:38,288 --> 00:25:42,029
The Muslims and their allies, the Croats,
they struggled to get their hands on new territories,
332
00:25:42,129 --> 00:25:43,894
as long as they could
do this
333
00:25:43,994 --> 00:25:45,494
Franjo Tudjman
the president of Croatia
334
00:25:48,551 --> 00:25:51,551
Back then, the Serbs still owned it
more than half of Bosnia.
335
00:25:51,651 --> 00:25:57,407
President Izetbegovici
And I thought that
336
00:25:57,507 --> 00:26:01,116
the time had come
let's take revenge on the Serbs.
337
00:26:04,345 --> 00:26:08,387
In western Bosnia, the Croat artillery
and the infantry of the Muslims
338
00:26:08,487 --> 00:26:12,250
they broke the Serbian front.
339
00:26:17,014 --> 00:26:21,152
The victorious armies challenged
a new wave of Serbian refugees who
340
00:26:21,252 --> 00:26:24,153
they fled to Serbia and Montenegro.
341
00:26:41,206 --> 00:26:46,321
I told the Americans that
this huge exodus of refugees
342
00:26:46,421 --> 00:26:50,693
will radicalize even more
the political atmosphere in the country,
343
00:26:50,793 --> 00:26:52,351
Momir Bulatovici
The President of Montenegro
344
00:26:52,451 --> 00:26:55,599
that we will get the situation out of our hands.
345
00:26:55,699 --> 00:26:58,831
We will be forced to intervene directly.
346
00:26:58,931 --> 00:27:02,303
Holbrook misunderstood the warning.
347
00:27:02,403 --> 00:27:06,018
But now, when the Muslims were
so close to victory,
348
00:27:06,118 --> 00:27:08,269
it was very hard
to stop them.
349
00:27:09,921 --> 00:27:11,885
In order to impose
carried out an action
350
00:27:11,985 --> 00:27:14,075
confirmation of friendship
Americans with Bosnia,
351
00:27:14,175 --> 00:27:17,027
by appointing a new ambassador.
352
00:27:17,127 --> 00:27:20,601
"And I will fulfill my faith
my duties"
353
00:27:20,701 --> 00:27:22,933
"In the post that
I'm going to occupy it."
354
00:27:23,033 --> 00:27:26,355
And I will fulfill my faith
my duties
355
00:27:26,455 --> 00:27:29,256
in the position that
I'm going to occupy it.
356
00:27:29,356 --> 00:27:31,293
"God help me."
357
00:27:31,393 --> 00:27:34,294
So help me God!
358
00:27:34,986 --> 00:27:36,609
Congratulations!
359
00:27:38,229 --> 00:27:43,436
After I took the oath,
I told General Kerrick that he would
360
00:27:43,536 --> 00:27:45,766
to have a private meeting
with the president Izetbegovici.
361
00:27:45,866 --> 00:27:49,178
We had finished with the negotiations
until the moment when
362
00:27:49,278 --> 00:27:54,424
it was opportune to stop the fire,
otherwise we wouldn't have had another moment.
363
00:27:54,524 --> 00:27:58,105
To convince the president
Bosnia to stop its army,
364
00:27:58,205 --> 00:28:01,950
the American officer described to him which
it would have been the worst situation.
365
00:28:02,050 --> 00:28:06,696
I was worried that the Serbs would
send reinforcements to Sarajevo again,
366
00:28:06,796 --> 00:28:09,664
or in other areas from which
And they had withdrawn the artillery.
367
00:28:09,764 --> 00:28:14,771
I told him: "Mr. President, I am
capable of breaking through the front, "
368
00:28:14,871 --> 00:28:16,475
"because he is very weak."
369
00:28:16,575 --> 00:28:18,410
Alia Izetbegovici
The president of Bosnia
370
00:28:18,510 --> 00:28:21,366
The army's offensive was going well.
371
00:28:21,466 --> 00:28:25,612
Our commanders would have wanted it
let's continue.
372
00:28:25,712 --> 00:28:30,017
I told him: "You will play your destiny
You play dice!"
373
00:28:33,961 --> 00:28:37,301
The president of Bosnia retired to his office
to consult with the generals and
374
00:28:37,401 --> 00:28:42,236
Were the Americans trying?
to misinform him?
375
00:28:42,336 --> 00:28:43,336
General Delic
Commander of the Bosnian army
376
00:28:43,436 --> 00:28:46,115
I said we are enough
strong enough to continue.
377
00:28:46,215 --> 00:28:49,090
I did not agree with the cessation of hostilities.
378
00:28:49,190 --> 00:28:50,690
General Hajrulahovici, head of information
military, the Bosnian army
379
00:28:50,790 --> 00:28:54,218
We had the soldiers and the weapons
to reach our goal.
380
00:28:54,318 --> 00:28:58,283
They could no longer defeat us.
381
00:28:58,383 --> 00:29:01,766
But President Izetbegovici was
Worried about another reason:
382
00:29:01,866 --> 00:29:03,399
unreliable Croatian ally.
383
00:29:03,499 --> 00:29:07,952
A week ago, the Americans
They had asked Tudjman to stop everything.
384
00:29:08,052 --> 00:29:12,037
Tudjman was satisfied, of course.
385
00:29:12,137 --> 00:29:16,090
Because he didn't want it either
Muslims are too strong.
386
00:29:16,190 --> 00:29:21,083
We had no Croats there.
Why increase the number of victims?
387
00:29:22,647 --> 00:29:27,942
I didn't understand what he wanted to say.
They leave us to fight alone.
388
00:29:28,042 --> 00:29:32,001
Without Croats, against all.
389
00:29:32,101 --> 00:29:36,804
in this situation,
Bosnia no longer had any advantage.
390
00:29:38,795 --> 00:29:42,384
But Izetbegovici told the Americans
that he needs help to transmit
391
00:29:42,484 --> 00:29:44,360
to the people and the cease-fire message.
392
00:29:44,460 --> 00:29:49,383
He told us: "We want the facilities to be restored
of water, gas and electricity."
393
00:29:49,483 --> 00:29:53,007
Actually, we wanted to bide our time.
394
00:29:53,107 --> 00:29:55,941
I accepted the termination
fire after five days.
395
00:29:56,041 --> 00:29:59,573
First, we had to solve it
the situation in Sarajevo.
396
00:30:01,472 --> 00:30:03,524
How well it burns, my brother!
397
00:30:06,589 --> 00:30:08,318
This is something great!
398
00:30:08,891 --> 00:30:12,464
The longest siege in history
contemporary was over now.
399
00:30:14,360 --> 00:30:16,598
I am happy to inform you
that all the forces in Bosnia
400
00:30:16,698 --> 00:30:19,113
they stopped firing.
401
00:30:19,213 --> 00:30:22,968
Military operations were stopped.
402
00:30:25,664 --> 00:30:29,093
The president's men have started
then to transform
403
00:30:29,193 --> 00:30:31,796
this ceasefire
in a peace treaty.
404
00:30:31,896 --> 00:30:34,921
For this, they used
all the advantages of diplomacy
405
00:30:35,021 --> 00:30:37,789
And they chose a location
unexpected.
406
00:30:37,889 --> 00:30:40,533
"Welcome to the military airbase
Wright-Patters!"
407
00:30:40,633 --> 00:30:43,957
"It is one of the biggest and
more diverse"
408
00:30:44,057 --> 00:30:45,750
"US military air bases."
409
00:30:45,850 --> 00:30:49,193
As the elections approach,
President Clinton relied
410
00:30:49,293 --> 00:30:52,336
on the fact that if he brings them there
the three presidents from the Balkans,
411
00:30:52,436 --> 00:30:54,047
they will eventually find a solution.
412
00:30:54,147 --> 00:30:57,902
He gave councilors 17 days
Americans to "force their hand".
413
00:30:58,002 --> 00:30:59,587
You are optimistic
about the negotiations?
414
00:30:59,687 --> 00:31:03,485
Of course. If I wasn't,
I didn't come here anymore.
415
00:31:06,487 --> 00:31:09,891
welcome to ohio
Mr. President!
416
00:31:11,002 --> 00:31:14,160
To get peace,
Americans relied on one man
417
00:31:14,260 --> 00:31:17,058
which they had called
war criminal.
418
00:31:17,158 --> 00:31:20,083
How confident are you that
will the negotiations be crowned with success?
419
00:31:20,183 --> 00:31:22,367
- I can't hear you...
- Come here.
420
00:31:22,467 --> 00:31:25,750
How confident are you that
will the negotiations be crowned with success?
421
00:31:25,850 --> 00:31:29,811
I am optimistic. I think so
the negotiations will be a success.
422
00:31:29,911 --> 00:31:36,087
We attach great importance
peace initiatives of the United States.
423
00:31:36,187 --> 00:31:41,443
On behalf of President Clinton, I wish you
welcome to the beginning of these
424
00:31:41,543 --> 00:31:43,054
peace negotiations that will remain
in history.
425
00:31:43,154 --> 00:31:44,621
Warren Christopher,
United States Secretary of State
426
00:31:44,721 --> 00:31:46,587
If I'm wrong, the war will start again
427
00:31:46,687 --> 00:31:49,345
And future generations will consider us
responsible.
428
00:31:49,445 --> 00:31:53,806
Then we all sat down at a table
with strategically located places,
429
00:31:53,906 --> 00:31:56,731
And there I forced them to stay
together and shake hands.
430
00:31:56,831 --> 00:32:00,066
And so they did.
431
00:32:01,958 --> 00:32:05,258
Izetbegovici knew that these negotiations
will lead to the expansion of his country.
432
00:32:05,358 --> 00:32:09,448
And he gave his consent for the transfer of a
half of the territory in favor
433
00:32:09,548 --> 00:32:14,003
to his unreliable allies, the Croats.
The rest belonged to the Serbs.
434
00:32:16,487 --> 00:32:20,284
In the beginning, we talked a little
maps that were unacceptable.
435
00:32:20,384 --> 00:32:25,367
I told them that they forgot about the territories
conquered by us over the years.
436
00:32:25,467 --> 00:32:31,208
At first, Izetbegovici appointed him
the prime minister to represent him.
437
00:32:31,308 --> 00:32:34,153
We can't resurrect them
those who died.
438
00:32:34,253 --> 00:32:39,450
We can no longer resurrect the 17,000
of children who died in Bosnia.
439
00:32:39,550 --> 00:32:42,486
Instead, we can do justice.
440
00:32:42,586 --> 00:32:48,235
We can create a Bosnian state
that will work.
441
00:32:48,335 --> 00:32:52,826
We want integrity, sovereignty,
justice and democracy.
442
00:32:53,227 --> 00:32:54,227
Thank you.
443
00:32:57,365 --> 00:33:01,092
The Constitution of Bosnia was to
be drafted in this place.
444
00:33:01,192 --> 00:33:05,024
Management was handed over by the central government
the government of the Croatian-Muslim Federation and
445
00:33:05,124 --> 00:33:07,140
the government of Republika Srpska.
446
00:33:07,240 --> 00:33:12,335
None of the parts were
happy with the new borders,
447
00:33:12,435 --> 00:33:14,700
but trying to change them
led to the blocking of negotiations.
448
00:33:14,800 --> 00:33:20,191
I had scheduled 17 days for
negotiations and had already passed 16
449
00:33:20,291 --> 00:33:23,995
And no more progress had been made
from the eleventh day.
450
00:33:24,095 --> 00:33:27,626
It was cold and rough weather,
451
00:33:27,726 --> 00:33:29,221
but I still invited him
Milo�evici for a walk.
452
00:33:29,321 --> 00:33:33,122
Chris Hill, Milo�evici and I went out,
follow the bodyguards,
453
00:33:33,222 --> 00:33:36,690
We walked outside the base
around the perimeter.
454
00:33:36,790 --> 00:33:39,743
When I arrived at the officers' club,
it was 11:45.
455
00:33:39,843 --> 00:33:43,267
Holbrook's assistant invited him
and the prime minister of Bosnia
456
00:33:43,367 --> 00:33:44,951
to come to the officers' club.
457
00:33:45,051 --> 00:33:47,587
I took them together to discuss...
458
00:33:47,687 --> 00:33:49,101
You know, like people.
459
00:33:49,201 --> 00:33:52,903
I went to greet Silagici
And I told him that Milo�evici wants to
460
00:33:53,003 --> 00:33:54,830
talk to him about Gorajde.
461
00:33:54,930 --> 00:33:57,090
And they wanted to come to my table.
462
00:33:57,190 --> 00:33:58,644
But he refused.
463
00:33:58,744 --> 00:34:04,238
In fact, if he came to me, he would have,
In a way, a psychological advantage.
464
00:34:04,338 --> 00:34:08,981
As if he wanted to do something,
to make a compromise.
465
00:34:09,081 --> 00:34:12,368
I refused.
I said I would go to him.
466
00:34:12,468 --> 00:34:15,695
Such are the customs in the Balkans.
467
00:34:15,795 --> 00:34:18,504
They spoke in Serbo-Croatian.
468
00:34:18,604 --> 00:34:23,568
And Milo�evici asked Harris:
"What do you want?"
469
00:34:24,997 --> 00:34:28,773
They asked for a way of
communication with Gorajde,
470
00:34:28,873 --> 00:34:32,825
the only Muslim enclave
remained in eastern Bosnia.
471
00:34:32,925 --> 00:34:35,708
We couldn't leave her alone,
as an enclave.
472
00:34:35,808 --> 00:34:38,722
It had to be connected with the rest of Bosnia.
473
00:34:41,056 --> 00:34:46,331
The crisis in Bosnia-Herzegovina had to
resolved diplomatically.
474
00:34:46,431 --> 00:34:49,350
It couldn't be solved
by force of arms.
475
00:34:49,450 --> 00:34:54,701
He said, "Okay, I agree,
the region will be connected�."
476
00:34:54,801 --> 00:34:59,575
"You will have a road, which will be under
international surveillance, "
477
00:34:59,675 --> 00:35:03,178
"from Gorajde to your territory."
478
00:35:03,278 --> 00:35:06,148
They agreed that the Gorajde-Sarajevo road
479
00:35:06,248 --> 00:35:07,682
to be built by NATO.
480
00:35:07,782 --> 00:35:11,521
Now Milo�evici had to negotiate
with the Americans
481
00:35:11,621 --> 00:35:14,875
how much he had to yield
from the territory of the Serbs.
482
00:35:14,975 --> 00:35:20,889
That same night, I invited
President Milo�evici in the House of Representatives,
483
00:35:20,989 --> 00:35:23,772
where we had some monitors
like those from video games,
484
00:35:23,872 --> 00:35:27,516
used for precision bombing.
485
00:35:27,616 --> 00:35:32,437
I had the graphic representation
of the whole country.
486
00:35:32,537 --> 00:35:37,747
I could "fly" using a joystick,
over any area of the country.
487
00:35:37,847 --> 00:35:40,482
We could see everything,
from above, from the side.
488
00:35:40,582 --> 00:35:45,682
We all went in there,
And when Holbrook
489
00:35:45,782 --> 00:35:49,456
he looked at the monitor, said:
"And there are mountains!"
490
00:35:49,556 --> 00:35:52,897
"They are not houses, they are not localities."
491
00:35:53,078 --> 00:35:56,823
I said: "That's in Bosnia"
And he put his hands on his head.
492
00:35:59,660 --> 00:36:03,876
They had to find a gorge
between the mountains, wide enough
493
00:36:03,976 --> 00:36:07,327
to make room
the new road to Gorajde.
494
00:36:09,006 --> 00:36:13,389
We started to show them
President Milo�evici
495
00:36:13,489 --> 00:36:20,172
virtual images with a proposed path through
mountains, from Gorajde to Sarajevo,
496
00:36:20,272 --> 00:36:24,551
which, if approved,
was going to be put into practice.
497
00:36:24,682 --> 00:36:29,802
I did this until 2:00 in the morning,
time during which quantities were consumed
498
00:36:29,902 --> 00:36:31,320
large amounts of alcohol.
499
00:36:33,149 --> 00:36:38,217
Finally, Milo�evici has
decided and told us: "That's it!"
500
00:36:38,317 --> 00:36:41,811
Then he made a toast:
"Richard, Charles, Albert Holbrook..."
501
00:36:41,911 --> 00:36:44,176
"This is the right way."
502
00:36:54,828 --> 00:36:57,554
The Americans would have wanted the negotiations
to be finished by the holiday
503
00:36:57,654 --> 00:36:58,814
on Thanksgiving Day.
504
00:36:58,914 --> 00:37:01,339
That is, in a week.
505
00:37:01,439 --> 00:37:06,570
But the Muslims didn't want to do it anymore
no compromise.
506
00:37:08,463 --> 00:37:14,151
The Americans thought that
we will understand each other after a few discussions.
507
00:37:14,251 --> 00:37:17,993
As if we had a dispute
for some insignificant reason.
508
00:37:19,905 --> 00:37:25,545
But our quarrel had
as a result, piles of corpses.
509
00:37:25,645 --> 00:37:29,192
The Bosnians had to be convinced
to leave it to them.
510
00:37:29,292 --> 00:37:33,844
One of the methods of persuasion
it was the presentation of Bosnia
511
00:37:33,944 --> 00:37:36,446
on two large panels on which
the negotiations were written,
512
00:37:36,546 --> 00:37:40,549
And they contained the chapters
which they had won.
513
00:37:40,649 --> 00:37:43,020
They had gained a larger territory.
514
00:37:43,120 --> 00:37:45,282
The Croatian-Muslim Federation had
515
00:37:45,382 --> 00:37:49,133
promised 51% of the area of Bosnia,
and Serbs only 49%.
516
00:37:49,233 --> 00:37:53,400
On Mr. Christopher's map, the surface
necessary for the Gorajde corridor will lead to
517
00:37:53,500 --> 00:37:55,242
far exceeding the percentage of 51%
518
00:37:55,342 --> 00:37:59,118
I explained to Izetbegovici that the reason
the urgency was not to lose this
519
00:37:59,218 --> 00:38:01,901
great opportunity, let's not miss it.
520
00:38:02,401 --> 00:38:05,895
On one of the panels it was written:
521
00:38:06,095 --> 00:38:11,688
"The Federation receives 58% of
the surface of the earth."
522
00:38:11,872 --> 00:38:15,821
And that panel arrived in
Mr. Izetbegovici's room.
523
00:38:17,276 --> 00:38:23,334
He put it between the sofa and the bedside table.
524
00:38:23,434 --> 00:38:26,595
And the first thing you saw
when you enter the room it was:
525
00:38:26,695 --> 00:38:31,514
"The Federation receives 58%..."
526
00:38:31,614 --> 00:38:36,302
Then came Milo�evici �n
visit to President Izetbegovici.
527
00:38:36,402 --> 00:38:40,081
And he saw the panel.
528
00:38:40,181 --> 00:38:44,204
Milo�evici did not find it funny at all.
529
00:38:44,304 --> 00:38:47,426
He rushed at him
the American delegates.
530
00:38:48,409 --> 00:38:51,083
He was furious, he told us:
"I didn't think we were giving in"
531
00:38:51,183 --> 00:38:52,966
"such a big territory!"
532
00:38:53,066 --> 00:38:57,129
We apologized and he said:
"We disagreed by 51-49%"
533
00:38:57,229 --> 00:38:59,354
"And we do not accept another negotiation."
534
00:38:59,454 --> 00:39:04,000
Holbrook had no choice.
He asked them to prepare another map
535
00:39:04,100 --> 00:39:07,928
in which they are respected
the percentages of 51-49%.
536
00:39:09,632 --> 00:39:15,332
But the Muslims refused to yield
even a handful of land
537
00:39:15,432 --> 00:39:17,260
until they were fulfilled
their most pressing request.
538
00:39:17,360 --> 00:39:20,568
From the beginning of the negotiations,
they had insisted that the Serbs surrender
539
00:39:20,668 --> 00:39:23,851
all neighborhoods of Sarajevo
which they had occupied.
540
00:39:23,951 --> 00:39:26,625
And the Serbian delegation did not
he agreed with that
541
00:39:26,725 --> 00:39:31,481
because they hoped to divide the city
In their Sarajevo and our Sarajevo.
542
00:39:31,581 --> 00:39:34,893
The leaders of the Bosnian Serbs,
accused of war crimes,
543
00:39:34,993 --> 00:39:36,512
they were not allowed to participate in the negotiations.
544
00:39:36,612 --> 00:39:39,777
But one of them was allowed
to present his point of view.
545
00:39:39,877 --> 00:39:45,984
We, the Serbs, just wanted the leadership
in the administrations of Serbian localities
546
00:39:46,084 --> 00:39:49,146
And we wanted to have our police.
547
00:39:49,246 --> 00:39:53,530
That plan was not realistic,
so we had no way to agree.
548
00:39:53,630 --> 00:39:58,630
Kraisnik went to the map and
he pounded the board with his fist, shouting:
549
00:39:58,730 --> 00:40:00,607
"There I am!",
550
00:40:00,707 --> 00:40:05,713
saying that he would have a farm there
And screaming that he will never give it up.
551
00:40:05,813 --> 00:40:09,712
After six hours, they were again like
at the beginning of the war.
552
00:40:09,812 --> 00:40:13,362
Milo�evici told Holbrook
that he will solve everything
553
00:40:13,462 --> 00:40:16,711
He proposed to the representative
Muslims a tempting offer.
554
00:40:16,811 --> 00:40:22,441
He said: "You deserve the city of Sarajevo,
because you fought for him."
555
00:40:22,541 --> 00:40:26,563
"And the cowards bombarded you
from the hills."
556
00:40:26,663 --> 00:40:28,134
He was talking about the Bosnian Serbs.
557
00:40:28,234 --> 00:40:31,519
Milo�evici convinced him.
I was amazed.
558
00:40:31,619 --> 00:40:36,272
But it was clear that the president
Serbia wanted something in return.
559
00:40:37,538 --> 00:40:44,037
Silagici sent it to me
that Milo�evici would like the city of Brciko.
560
00:40:44,137 --> 00:40:49,591
The city of Brciko was the place where it was possible
split the Republika Srpska right down the middle.
561
00:40:49,691 --> 00:40:52,698
and he could give them to the Muslims
the advantage of being able to stop
562
00:40:52,798 --> 00:40:54,270
possible attacks by the Serbs.
563
00:40:54,370 --> 00:40:58,058
President Izetbegovici
The prime minister advised him
564
00:40:58,158 --> 00:40:59,968
to trade well.
565
00:41:00,068 --> 00:41:03,688
I told Silagici: "The people hope
that we may obtain peace, "
566
00:41:03,788 --> 00:41:05,573
"but will be disappointed if the price"
567
00:41:05,673 --> 00:41:11,280
"paid for this will be Brciko."
568
00:41:12,883 --> 00:41:16,821
The prime minister advised him
on Izetbegovici to teach
569
00:41:16,921 --> 00:41:18,407
only the occupied surface
from the city of Brciko.
570
00:41:18,507 --> 00:41:20,978
President Milo�evici did not accept.
571
00:41:21,078 --> 00:41:28,078
He said: "You must understand that it is us
necessary a corridor of 15-20 kilometers."
572
00:41:29,178 --> 00:41:33,572
Milo�evici imposed himself,
and Silagici had to anyway
573
00:41:33,672 --> 00:41:37,824
reduce surface for
Croat-Muslims at 51%.
574
00:41:38,889 --> 00:41:43,360
After midnight,
an idea came to him.
575
00:41:44,817 --> 00:41:49,098
He offered to hand over an area
sea from the Croat-Muslim territory
576
00:41:49,198 --> 00:41:53,342
which they had conquered from the Serbs
before the start of negotiations.
577
00:41:55,209 --> 00:41:59,804
They clasped their hands and said:
"Done, now we have an agreement."
578
00:41:59,904 --> 00:42:03,698
They opened a bottle of champagne,
received from the Secretary of State,
579
00:42:03,798 --> 00:42:05,523
And they said: "Let's celebrate!"
580
00:42:06,314 --> 00:42:11,588
Where they all went wrong,
the Americans had been successful.
581
00:42:11,688 --> 00:42:14,709
They ended the war in Bosnia.
582
00:42:14,809 --> 00:42:19,501
But in their excitement,
they had forgotten about the Croatian delegation.
583
00:42:19,601 --> 00:42:21,843
Assistant Mr. Christopher [Hill]...
584
00:42:21,943 --> 00:42:23,343
Dr. Mate Granici
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Croatia
585
00:42:23,443 --> 00:42:25,866
he told us that we will meet
at 1 in the morning,
586
00:42:25,966 --> 00:42:28,947
after he finishes discussing
with Milo�evici.
587
00:42:29,047 --> 00:42:32,493
I waited for him until 2:00.
588
00:42:32,593 --> 00:42:35,891
At 2:30 I was sleeping.
589
00:42:35,991 --> 00:42:39,694
I had the feeling that
something is not right.
590
00:42:39,794 --> 00:42:41,483
I opted for Christopher [Hill]
in the ear:
591
00:42:41,583 --> 00:42:48,294
- Let's call Tudjman too.
- It's 4:15, we better call him
592
00:42:48,394 --> 00:42:50,955
on Mate Granici.
593
00:42:51,055 --> 00:42:55,514
He told me that Mr. Secretary of State
he wants to talk to me urgently.
594
00:42:55,614 --> 00:43:02,115
Granici came around 4:15-4:20
in the morning, impeccably dressed.
595
00:43:02,215 --> 00:43:06,274
I saw him straighten up
to the wall of the room,
596
00:43:06,374 --> 00:43:09,152
where the map was drawn.
597
00:43:09,252 --> 00:43:10,696
They offered me some champagne,
598
00:43:11,697 --> 00:43:16,212
but I told them that I prefer to drink water
before seeing the map.
599
00:43:16,312 --> 00:43:18,567
I showed him the map,
600
00:43:18,667 --> 00:43:23,592
and Mate Granici, the prestigious doctor,
turned into an angry rhinoceros...
601
00:43:23,692 --> 00:43:30,071
... because the border divided it in two
the territory conquered by the Croats from the Serbs
602
00:43:30,171 --> 00:43:34,175
in the fighting in western Bosnia.
603
00:43:34,275 --> 00:43:37,951
It was a completely unacceptable proposal.
604
00:43:38,051 --> 00:43:43,948
He went there, hit the map with his palm
And he told us: "Impossible! Impossible!"
605
00:43:44,048 --> 00:43:49,057
"This map has 0.00% chance
to be accepted by my president!"
606
00:43:49,157 --> 00:43:52,139
I was categorical in my refusal.
607
00:43:52,239 --> 00:43:55,904
I told them it had a 0.00% chance
to be accepted.
608
00:43:56,404 --> 00:44:00,831
I told them it was
"absolutely unacceptable" for us.
609
00:44:00,931 --> 00:44:05,278
Silagici rushed
And he crushed it.
610
00:44:05,378 --> 00:44:09,115
He said: "You gave in to them easily
the territories conquered by us!"
611
00:44:09,215 --> 00:44:13,797
The problem was that the negotiations
were worn for 20 days,
612
00:44:13,897 --> 00:44:18,987
we were all exhausted
we hadn't slept at all.
613
00:44:19,087 --> 00:44:23,917
In 37 minutes, the agreement
of peace had fallen apart.
614
00:44:25,133 --> 00:44:29,481
It was President Clinton's turn
to try to save the negotiations.
615
00:44:29,581 --> 00:44:32,536
He called the president of Croatia,
to convince him to give some
616
00:44:32,636 --> 00:44:36,908
territories he did not want to go to
quit last night.
617
00:44:37,490 --> 00:44:40,921
I told President Clinton:
618
00:44:41,021 --> 00:44:44,956
"Mr. President,
I already did that..."
619
00:44:45,056 --> 00:44:48,643
We had finally decided
620
00:44:48,743 --> 00:44:53,335
to give up an inch of land,
621
00:44:53,435 --> 00:44:56,584
if not because of that
peace could be concluded.
622
00:44:57,156 --> 00:44:59,940
But he said: "We give it up only if
623
00:45:00,040 --> 00:45:03,598
the Bosnians also give up their side
who ask for it."
624
00:45:05,949 --> 00:45:09,898
At 22:30,
Mr. Christopher came to me.
625
00:45:11,253 --> 00:45:14,042
He didn't even take a seat.
626
00:45:14,304 --> 00:45:17,090
He said: "I want the answer
yours at most one hour."
627
00:45:17,190 --> 00:45:21,489
I got out of my shoes a little.
628
00:45:22,089 --> 00:45:25,327
I was reproached for speaking to him.
629
00:45:25,427 --> 00:45:29,766
I'm usually calm, but
when I'm nervous, it shows.
630
00:45:31,361 --> 00:45:33,809
I answered him:
631
00:45:33,909 --> 00:45:39,312
"We no longer ask them for 51%,
but we are not giving up the city of Brciko either."
632
00:45:39,652 --> 00:45:42,033
He asked that Brciko,
surrendered to the Serbs last night,
633
00:45:42,133 --> 00:45:45,564
to be subject to arbitration.
634
00:45:45,664 --> 00:45:49,811
I told him that this is the last time I do it
And I will not negotiate anything else for him.
635
00:45:52,211 --> 00:45:54,811
November 21, 1995
7 o'clock in the morning
636
00:46:00,538 --> 00:46:05,001
The USA sent it to the delegates
from the Balkans that the negotiations will
637
00:46:05,101 --> 00:46:08,331
end in a few hours,
if no peace agreement is reached.
638
00:46:08,431 --> 00:46:10,956
Milo�evici and Tudjman
they were now ``together''.
639
00:46:11,056 --> 00:46:15,807
Since the beginning of the crisis in Yugoslavia,
they will decide the fate of Bosnia.
640
00:46:15,907 --> 00:46:20,594
Milo�evici had suggested to sign
only they agreed, without Izetbegovici.
641
00:46:21,328 --> 00:46:25,621
I told him we can't do that.
642
00:46:26,752 --> 00:46:29,941
He even suggested it
Milo�evici's Tudjman...
643
00:46:30,041 --> 00:46:33,785
to accept Izetbegovici's proposal
of arbitration regarding Brciko.
644
00:46:33,885 --> 00:46:40,134
Milo�evici answered:
"I know, maybe...",
645
00:46:40,234 --> 00:46:42,235
when he heard my idea.
646
00:46:43,235 --> 00:46:48,021
Holbrook and the team were exhausted
were already putting a cross on the peace conference,
647
00:46:48,121 --> 00:46:50,390
when Milosevic attacked them.
648
00:46:50,490 --> 00:46:54,201
Milo�evici said:
"Okay, my last offer..."
649
00:46:54,301 --> 00:46:58,401
"I do this for you,
I will bring the city of Brciko into subjection"
650
00:46:58,501 --> 00:47:01,995
"an international arbitration
which will be pronounced in a year."
651
00:47:02,095 --> 00:47:06,193
President Milo�evici - public message
addressed to the Serbs on November 21, 1995
652
00:47:06,293 --> 00:47:12,863
Of course, all this was done
with one goal: peace.
653
00:47:13,474 --> 00:47:18,045
This time, before celebrating,
they talked to everyone.
654
00:47:18,145 --> 00:47:20,001
Christopher called me.
655
00:47:20,101 --> 00:47:24,220
He asked me: "Sign the agreement if
do they accept arbitration for Brciko?"
656
00:47:24,320 --> 00:47:28,753
We had to get him to sign quickly.
A long pause followed.
657
00:47:28,853 --> 00:47:33,167
I answered them: "Agreed."
They said, "Then everything will be fine."
658
00:47:33,267 --> 00:47:36,728
I said to Christopher:
"Let's let him go!"
659
00:47:36,828 --> 00:47:41,808
Holbrook looks like a park
660
00:47:41,908 --> 00:47:45,986
he was sentenced to death
And then he was pardoned.
661
00:47:47,921 --> 00:47:51,298
I hope he sees me now.
662
00:47:51,398 --> 00:47:54,348
And I ask the three presidents to stand up
663
00:47:54,448 --> 00:47:57,772
and we will all rise,
Standing, to express ourselves
664
00:47:57,872 --> 00:48:00,833
gratitude for
everything they accomplished at Dayton
665
00:48:00,933 --> 00:48:03,528
And why do they want it?
carry on.
666
00:48:14,052 --> 00:48:19,156
Now, six months after the agreement
since Dayton, there is still peace.
667
00:48:19,256 --> 00:48:20,963
For now...
668
0:48:21,000 --> 0:48:26,000
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